Chapter 5 Natural Resources Long Answer Type Question And Answers
Question 1. Write a note on how forests influence the quality of our air, soil and water resources.
Answer.
Air:
- It helps in purifying the air by absorbing pollutants.
- It adds oxygen to the air and takes carbon dioxide gas during photosynthesis. Therefore, the greenhouse effect is controlled.
- Transpiration helps in the formation of clouds, it maintains the temperature of surrounding area and gives cooling effect.
Soil:
- Plants in forest hold the soil thereby preventing soil erosion.
- It holds the soil which helps in increasing the underground water level.
- Adds nutrients to the soil as lot of vegetation present in forest gets decomposed.
Water: Forest helps in bringing rain and increasing the level of water in underground levels.
Question 2. Why is water essential for life?
Answer.
Water is essential for life because:
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- About 70% weight of human being is due to water.
- All cellular processes takes place in water as a medium.
- All reactions take place within our body and within the cells occur between substances that are dissolved in water.
- Transportation of substances from one form to another takes place due to water.
- Terrestrial life forms require fresh water for the transportation of substances and also to get rid of high amounts of wastes.
Question 3. How are living organisms dependent on the soil? Are organisms that live in water totally independent of soil as a resource?
Answer.
All living organisms are directly or indirectly dependent on soil. Plants obtain water and minerals from the soil and prepare food for themselves and animals. Other organisms that live in water are not totally independent of soil because the microbes growing on the soil in water are the primary producers in the soil which starts the food chain and even other microbes that live in soil helps in the decomposition of dead plants and animals in water to return the nutrients and other elements back to the water.
Question 4. What are the different states in which water is found during the water cycle?
Answer.
The different states in which water is found during the water cycle:
The various states in which water is found during the water cycle are as follows.
- Water in liquid state is present in various sources, such as lakes, rivers and underground water.
- Water vapour in gaseous state, water evaporates from water bodies and due to transpiration by plants.
- Clouds-condensed water vapour is present in clouds.
- Water as rain or snowfall.
Question 5. How is soil formed?
Answer.
Formation Of Soil:
The factors that helps in the formation of soil and the process of formation are as follows.
- Sun: Sun heats up rocks during the day so that they expand. At night, these rocks cool down and contract, this causes cracks in the rocks.
- Water: Water during rainfall enter these cracks, if this water freezes, it exerts pressure on the cracks and the rocks break. When water flows, it wears the hard rock and carries small particles of rock down stream.
- Wind: Strong winds erode rocks down, which rubs with each other and small particles are carried away by wind.
- Living organisms: Organisms like lichen grows on the surface of the rock, they release certain substances that causes the rock surface to powder down and form a thin layer of soil.
