NEET Foundation Biology Chapter 1 The Fundamental Unit Of Life Multiple Choice Questions

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Chapter 1 The Fundamental Unit Of Life Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Direction: Choose the correct option for each questions. There is only one correct response for each question.

Question 1. The study of cell structure under microscope is

  1. Cytology
  2. Cell biology
  3. Cytochemistry
  4. Anatomy

Answer. 1. Cytology

Question 2. Which of the following does not have cellular structure?

  1. PPLO
  2. Rickettsia
  3. Viruses
  4. Archaebacteria

Answer. 3. Viruses

Question 3. The smallest animal egg is of

  1. Ostrich
  2. Duck
  3. Human female
  4. Hen

Answer. 3. Human female

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Question 4. Protoplasm without nucleus is called

  1. Cytoplasm
  2. Ectoplasm
  3. Protoplasm
  4. Endoplasm

Answer. 1. Cytoplasm

Question 5. Hardness of woody tissue is due to

  1. Cellulose
  2. Silica
  3. Lignin
  4. Suberin

Answer. 3. Lignin

Question 6. A well-organized nucleus is present in

  1. Prokaryotes
  2. Eukaryotes
  3. Bacteria
  4. Both (a) and(c)

Answer. 2. Eukaryotes

Question 7. Human egg is larger than human sperm because it has

  1. Larger nucleus
  2. More membrane
  3. More cytoplasm
  4. All of these

Answer. 3. More cytoplasm

Question 8. Within a cell, the site of respiration (oxidation) is the

  1. Ribosome
  2. Golgi apparatus
  3. Mitochondria
  4. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer. 3. Mitochondria

Question 9. Which of the following is called ‘Suicidal bag’?

  1. Centrosome
  2. Lysosome
  3. Mesosome
  4. Chromosome

Answer. 2. Lysosome

Question 10. Double membrane is absent in

  1. Mitochondrion
  2. Chloroplast
  3. Nucleus
  4. Lysosome

Answer. 4. Lysosome

Question 11. The cell organelle found only in plant is

  1. Golgi apparatus
  2. Mitochondria
  3. Plastids
  4. Ribosomes

Answer. 3. Plastids

Question 12. Organisms lacking nucleus and membrane bound organelles are called

  1. Diploids
  2. Prokaryotes
  3. Haploids
  4. Eukaryotes

Answer. 2. Prokaryotes

Question 13. Animal cell is limited by

  1. Plasma membrane
  2. Shell membrane
  3. Cell wall
  4. Basement membrane

Answer. 1. Plasma membrane

Question 14. The network of endoplasmic reticulum is present in the

  1. Nucleus
  2. Nucleolus
  3. Cytoplasm
  4. Chromosome

Answer. 3. Cytoplasm

Question 15. Lysosome are reservoirs of

  1. Fat
  2. RNA
  3. Secretory glycoprotein
  4. Hydrolytic Enzymes

Answer. 4. Hydrolytic Enzymes

Question 16. The membrane surrounding the vacuole of a plant cell is called

  1. Tonoplast
  2. Plasma membrane
  3. Nuclear membrane
  4. Cell wall

Answer. 1. Tonoplast

Question 17. Cell secretion is done by

  1. Plastids
  2. ER
  3. Golgi apparatus
  4. Nucleolus

Answer. 3. Golgi apparatus

Question 18. Centrioles are associated with

  1. DNA synthesis
  2. Reproduction
  3. Respiration
  4. Spindle formation

Answer. 4. Spindle formation

Question 19. Ribosomes are the centre for

  1. Respiration
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Protein synthesis
  4. Fat synthesis

Answer. 3. Protein synthesis

Question 20. Plastid which can form all other types of plastids is

  1. Leucoplast
  2. Amyloplast
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Chromoplast

Answer. 1. Leucoplast

Question 21. A plant cell becomes turgid due to

  1. Plasmolysis
  2. Exosmosis
  3. Endosmosis
  4. Electrolysis

Answer. 3. Endosmosis

Question 22. Solute concentration is higher in the external solution

  1. Hypotonic
  2. Hypertonic
  3. Isotonic
  4. None of these

Answer. 2. Hypertonic

Question 23. A cell placed in hypertonic solution will

  1. Shrink
  2. Show plasmolysis
  3. Swell up
  4. No change in shape or size.

Answer. 3. Swell up

Question 24. The radiant energy of sunlight is converted to chemical energy and is stored as

  1. AMP
  2. ATP
  3. ADP
  4. APP

Answer. 2. ATP

Question 25. Which of the following organelle does not have membrane?

  1. Ribosome
  2. Nucleus
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Mitochondria

Answer. 1. Ribosome

Question 26. Root hair absorbs water from soil through

  1. Osmosis
  2. Active transport
  3. Diffusion
  4. Endocytosis

Answer. 1. Osmosis

Question 27. The number of lenses in compound light microscope is

  1. 3
  2. 2
  3. 4
  4. 1

Answer. 2. 2

Question 28. Identify the human cells which lack nucleus

  1. Platelets
  2. WBC
  3. RBC
  4. Nerve cells

Answer. 3. RBC

Question 29. Which of the following cellular part possess a double membrane?

  1. Nucleus
  2. Chloroplast
  3. Mitochondrion
  4. All of the above

Answer. 4. All of the above

Question 30. Cristae and oxysomes are associated with

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Plastids
  3. Golgi apparatus
  4. Plasma membrane

Answer. 1. Mitochondria

Question 31. Genetic information is stored in

  1. RNA
  2. DNA
  3. Ribosomes
  4. Lysosomes

Answer. 2. DNA

Question 32. Animal cells have

  1. Either few small vacuoles or may be absent
  2. One large vacuole
  3. Many large vacuoes
  4. Few small vacuoles

Answer. 1. Either few small vacuoles or may be absent

Question 33. Cell organelle that acts as supporting skeletal framework of the cell is

  1. Golgi apparatus
  2. Nucleus
  3. Mitochondria
  4. ER

Answer. 4. ER

Question 34. What would happen if lysosomes get ruptured inside the cells in which they are present?

  1. Cells will swell
  2. Cells will die
  3. Cells will shrink
  4. Nothing would happen

Answer. 2. Cells will die

Question 35. The cell wall of plant is chiefly composed of

  1. Hemicellulose
  2. Phospholipids
  3. Cellulose
  4. Proteins

Answer. 3. Cellulose

Question 36. Which of the following are characteristics of unicellular organisms?

(1) There is no division of labour.

(2) Life span of organism is long.

(3) Reproduction consumes the whole cell.

(4) Single cell performs one or few activities of the organism.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (1) and (3)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 3. (1) and (3)

Question 37. Which of the following are properties of a light microscope?

(1) It uses beams of electrons to illuminate objects.

(2) It uses beams of light to illuminate the object.

(3) Internal vacuum is not required.

(4) It uses glass lenses.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (2), (3) and (4)
  4. (1), (3) and (4)

Answer. 3. (2), (3) and (4)

Question 38. Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

(1) Nucleolus is absent.

(2) It contains single chromosome.

(3) Cell division occurs by mitotic or meiotic cell division.

(4) Size of cell is generally large (5.100 mm).Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (4)
  2. (1) and (2)
  3. (1), (2) and (3)
  4. (3) and (4)

Answer. 2. (1) and (2)

Question 39. Which of these are not the features of organelles?

(1) They may be external or internal to body of an organism.

(2) They coordinate to produce the cell.

(3) They are found in all eukaryotic cells.

(4) They are macroscopic.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (4) and (3)
  3. (1) and (4)
  4. (2) and (3)

Answer. 3. (1) and (4)

Question 40. Which of these options are not functions of ribosomes?

(1) It helps in the manufacture of protein molecules.

(2) It helps in the manufacture of enzymes.

(3) It helps in the manufacture of hormones.

(4) It helps in the manufacture of starch molecules.

Select the correct option:

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 3. (3) and (4)

Question 41. Osmosis __________________

(1) is the spontaneous movement of water molecules through a selective permeable membrane (for example, plasma membrane).

(2) can occur in any medium.

(3) occurs only in liquid medium.

(4) does not require semipermeable membrane.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 4. (4) and (1)

Question 42. Endocytosis is __________________

(1) intake of extra-cellular fluid, droplets and macromolecules.

(2) intake of extracellular particles.

(3) growth of plasma membrane around the particle as pseudopodia.

(4) a nutritive process.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 4. (4) and (1)

Question 43. Nucleus __________________

(1) is without a covering membrane.

(2) represents the whole eukaryotic complex that contains the genetic information.

(3) is covered by a two membrane envelope.

(4) is a component of nucleoid.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and 1

Answer. 2. (2) and (3)

Question 44. Chloroplasts __________________

(1) are green plastids

(2) are sites of photosynthesis

(3) are non-green coloured plastids

(4) do not contain lamellae

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 1. (1) and (2)

Question 45. Chromosomes are made up of ______________

(1) DNA

(2) Protein

(3) O2

(4) CO2

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (4) and (1)

Answer. 1. (1) and (2)

Question 46. Find out the false statement from the following.

(1) Cytoplasm is also called protoplasm.

(2) Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell.

(3) Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes.

(4) Ribosomes do not help in protein synthesis.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (1) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (1) and (4)

Answer. 4. (1) and (4)

Question 47. Who amongst the following were contributors to the cell theory?

(1) Theodor Schwann

(2) Matthias Schleiden

(3) Robert Hooke

(4) Robert Brown

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (1) and (4)

Answer. 1. (1) and (2)

Question 48. Elephants eat grass and both have cells.

Read the following sentences regarding cells, and identify the correct ones.

(1) Grass cells have cell walls and vacuoles.

(2) Glass cells have cilia and chloroplast.

(3) Elephant cells are bigger than grass cells.

(4) Elephant cells have cell membrane and mitochondria.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (1) and (4)

Answer. 4. (1) and (4)

Question 49. A mature plant cell has

(1) Cell wall

(2) Plastids

(3) Centrioles

(4) Prominent golgi apparatus

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (3) and (4)
  4. (1) and (4)

Answer. 1. (1) and (2)

Question 50. Mitochondria

(1) Powerhouse of the cell

(2) Green in colour

(3) Performs oxidation of food.

(4) Consumes CO2 and liberates O2.

Select the correct option.

  1. (1) and (2)
  2. (2) and (3)
  3. (1) and (3)
  4. (1) and (4)

Answer. 3. (1) and (3)

Question 51. A major site for synthesis of lipids is

  1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  2. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  3. Symplast
  4. Nucleoplasm

Answer. 2. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 52. Which structure perform the function of mitochondria in bacteria?

  1. Nucleoid
  2. Ribosomes
  3. Cell wall
  4. Mesosomes

Answer. 4. Mesosomes

Question 53. The important site for the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is

  1. Golgi apparatus
  2. Plastid
  3. Lysosome
  4. Vacuole

Answer. 1. Golgi apparatus

Question 54. In eubacteria, cellular component that resembles eukaryotic cells is

  1. Nucleus
  2. Ribosomes
  3. Cell wall
  4. Plasma membrane

Answer. 4. Plasma membrane

Question 55. Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in

  1. Mitochondria
  2. Chromoplast
  3. Ribosomes
  4. Chloroplast

Answer. 3. Ribosomes

Question 56. Ribosomal RNA is actively synthesized in

  1. Lysosomes
  2. Nucleolus
  3. Nucleoplasm
  4. Ribosomes

Answer. 2. Nucleolus

Question 57. Nuclear membrane is absent in

  1. Penicillium
  2. Agaricus
  3. Volvox
  4. Nostoc

Answer. 4. Nostoc

Question 58. True nucleus is absent in

  1. Anabaena
  2. Mucor
  3. Vaucheria
  4. Volvox

Answer. 1. Anabaena

Question 59. Which of the following is not an inclusion body found in prokaryotes?

  1. Phosphate granule
  2. Cyanophycean granule
  3. Glycogen granule
  4. Polysome

Answer. 4. Polysome

Question 60. Which of the following are not membrane-bound?

  1. Ribosome
  2. Lysosome
  3. Mesosomes
  4. Vacuole

Answer. 1. Ribosome

Question 61. Which of the following structures is not found in prokaryotic cell?

  1. Ribosomes
  2. Mesosomes
  3. Plasma membrane
  4. Nuclear envelope

Answer. 4. Nuclear envelope

Question 62. Cell organelle containing hydrolytic enzymes is

  1. Microsome
  2. Ribosome
  3. Mesosome
  4. Lysosome

Answer. 4. Lysosome

Question 63. Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane?

  1. Camillo Golgi
  2. Schleiden and Schwann
  3. Singer and Nicolson
  4. Robert Brown

Answer. 3. Singer and Nicolson

Question 64. What is a tonoplast?

  1. Outer membrane of mitochondria.
  2. Inner membrane of chloroplast.
  3. Membrane boundary of the vacuole of plant cells.
  4. Cell membrane of plant cell.

Answer. 3. Membrane boundary of the vacuole of plant cells.

Question 65. Satin used to visualize mitochondria is

  1. Fast green
  2. Safranin
  3. Acetocarmine
  4. Janus green

Answer. 4. Janus green

Question 66. Who refined the cell theory?

  1. Schleiden
  2. Schwann
  3. Rudolf Virchow
  4. Robert Hooke

Answer. 3. Rudolf Virchow

Question 67. Example/s of prokarotic cells is/are

  1. Bacteria
  2. Kidney cells
  3. Interstitial cells
  4. Cork cells

Answer. 1. Bacteria

Question 68. In prokaryotic cells, ______ is present instead of nucleus.

  1. Nucleosome
  2. Nuclear pore
  3. Nuclear envelope
  4. Nucleoid

Answer. 4. Nucleoid

Question 69. A science student wants to view the plasma membrane and other cell organelles of a rabbit cell. Which of the following microscope should the student use?

  1. Light microscope
  2. Compound microscope
  3. Dissecting microscope
  4. Electron microscope

Answer. 4. Electron microscope

Question 70. Cell theory states that cells are structural and fundamental units of

  1. Plants
  2. Animals
  3. Both plants and animals
  4. Only microorganisms

Answer. 3. Both plants and animals

Question 71. The energy currency of cell is

  1. Mitochondria
  2. ATP
  3. FAD
  4. Glucose

Answer. 2. ATP

Question 72. Which of the following organelles is enclosed in a single membrane?

  1. Nuclei
  2. Lysosomes
  3. Chloroplast
  4. Mitochondria

Answer. 2. Lysosomes

Question 73. The electron microscope was developed by

  1. Huxley
  2. Knoll and Ruska
  3. Purkinje
  4. Robert Hooke

Answer. 2. Knoll and Ruska

Question 74. The idea of ‘Omnis Cellula e Cellula’ was given by

  1. Scheiden
  2. Rudolf Virchow
  3. Purkinje
  4. Schwann

Answer. 2. Rudolf Virchow

Question 75. The size of an organism is dependent on

  1. Size of the cell
  2. Number of cell
  3. Both (a) and (b)
  4. Shape of cells

Answer. 3. Both (a) and (b)

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