Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Summary
1. The circulatory system constitutes the transportation of nutrients, excretory products, metabolites/hormones, water etc., to and from the tissues and organs all over the body.
2. The human circulatory system is made up of heart, blood vessels and blood.
3. The blood vessels are of three types—arteries, veins, and capillaries.
4. The heart contracts and relaxes rhythmically and pumps blood.
5. Circulatory systems are of two types:
- Open circulatory system
- Closed circulatory system.
6. In an open circulatory system, the blood is not confined to blood vessels and flows freely in the body cavity and channels known as lacunae and sinuses in the tissues.
7. In a closed circulatory system, the blood flows through blood vessels only.
8. Body fluids are of two types:
- Extracellular (Blood, lymph, etc)
- Intracellular.
9. Blood is comprised of plasma and blood corpuscles.
10. Landsteiner discovered the four blood groups—A, B, AB, and 0.
11. There is another system of blood grouping based on the Rh factor.
12. The process by which blood is coagulated in the hemorrhage site, is called blood coagulation.
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Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1 What is meant by circulation?
Answer:
Circulation:-
Circulation is the physiological process by which nutrients, respiratory gases, hormones, minerals, etc., are supplied to all the tissues of the body and the metabolic waste matters, produced inside the cells are transported to the respective excretory organs through fluid medium.
Question 2 What is the heart?
Answer:
Heart:-
The heart is a muscular, multi-chambered (2 in fishes, 3 in amphibians and reptiles, 4 in birds and mammals and 13 in insects) sac-like structure, which continuously pumps blood in a rhythmic manner into arteries and receives blood from the veins and in this process, helps the blood to flow through the network of vessels to every part of the human body.
Question 3 What are arteries?
Answer:
Arteries:-
Arteries are thick-walled blood vessels with roundish lumens, which carry oxygenated blood (exception: pulmonary arteries) from the heart to the tissues with continuous rhythmic pulsation.
Question 4 What are veins?
Answer:
Veins:-
Veins are the blood vessels with thinner walls and flattish lumens, which carry deoxygenated blood (except pulmonary vein) from the tissues to the heart and possess valves to maintain unidirectional blood flow.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Solutions
Question 5 What are capillaries?
Answer:
Capillaries:-
Capillaries are the finest of blood vessels with very thin walls, present in between arteries and veins. These fine vessels reach deep in the tissues to supply nutrients, oxygen, etc., to the tissue fluid through diffusion and to collect the excretory materials and hormones from the tissues and the glands respectively.
Question 6 What is meant by the circulatory system?
Answer:
Circulatory System:-
The system of organs, involved in supplying nutrients, respiratory gases, and hormones to different tissues of the body and removing metabolic wastes from the body, is known as the circulatory system.
Question 7 What is meant by open circulation?
Answer:
Open Circulation:-
The type of circulation, where body fluid does not remain confined within vessels, but is pumped by the heart into an open body cavity (hemocoel) to come in direct contact with the tissues, is called open circulation. This type of circulation is seen in mollusks, arthropods, etc.
Question 8 What is meant by closed circulation?
Answer:
Closed Circulation:-
The type of circulation, where blood flows through the heart and network of blood vessels and never opens in the body cavity, is called closed circulation. This type of circulation is noticed in all vertebrates and a few invertebrates like earthworms, leeches, etc.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Solutions
Question 9 What is blood?
Answer:
Blood:-
Blood is a red-colored, thick, faintly salty and alkaline, opaque, vascular connective tissue, composed of different types of cells suspended in a liquid matrix (plasma), which is pumped by the heart to flow through vessels for the transport of nutrients, respiratory gases, hormones, excretory substances, and several other materials to all parts of the body.
Question 10 What is hemolymph?
Answer:
Hemolymph:-
Haemolymph is a colorless fluid, composed of a watery matrix and a few cells, flowing through the body cavity (hemocoel) of insects and other arthropods.
Question 11 What is lymph?
Answer:
Lymph:-
Lymph is a yellowish, transparent, modified tissue fluid, involved in the absorption and transportation of nutrients, dissolved gases, immunologically important materials, and different secretory and excretory substances into the tissues of higher ani-
mals.
Question 12 Where do you find lymph in the human body?
Answer:
Location Of Lymph In The Human Body:-
Lymph is present in lymph vessels and lymph glands. Lymph glands are localized in certain regions of the human body viz., around the neck, breasts, armpits, groin, etc.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 13 What is CSF? Where is it found?
Answer:
CSF: CSF or cerebrospinal fluid is a typical fluid, present in the central nervous system (CNS) of vertebrates.
Occurrence of CSF: CSF is present in the ventricles of the brain and in the central canal of the spinal cord. This fluid is also present in the subarachnoid space (between the second and third covering layers of the brain or meninges).
Question 14 What is synovial fluid? What does it do?
Answer:
Synovial Fluid:-
Synovial fluid: Synovial fluid is a slightly viscous, colorless body fluid typically present in the membrane-bound synovial cavities in between movable bone joints.
Function: Synovial fluid protects the bone ends against frictional damage and supplies nutrients.
Question 15 What is tissue fluid? What is its function in the animal body?
Answer:
Tissue Fluid And Its Function In The Animal Body:-
Tissue fluid: Tissue fluid is the extracellular fluid present in the tissues of multicellular animals.
Function: Tissue fluid helps in the transportation of nutrients, respiratory gases, hormones and metabolic waste materials.
Question 16 What is meant by cytosol?
Answer:
Cytosol:-
Cytosol is a bulk of intracellular fluid present in the cytoplasm. Different types of intracellular fluids are present in different cell organelles like mitochondria, Golgi body, plastid, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, vacuoles, etc., performing their respective functions.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 17 How is water utilized in the human body?
Answer:
Water is utilized in the human body in different ways as follows:
1. It acts as the main component of the protoplasm
2. Helps in the hydrolysis of food matters during digestion
3. Acts as the medium of diffusion and osmosis for nutrients, respiratory gases, metabolic wastes, and hormones.
Question 18 Mention the characteristic features of matured human RBC.
Answer:
Characteristic Features Of Matured Human RBC:-
Matured human RBC is a round-shaped anucleated biconcave, membrane-bound cell. It contains hemoglobin within the cytoplasm but is devoid of mitochondria and nuclei. The cell is 7.2μm in diameter and 2.6μm in thickness. The number of RBCs in the blood is 5 million/ml in males and 4.5 million/ ml in females. Its average life span is 120 days.
Question 19 Mention the functions of RBC.
Answer:
The functions of RBCs are as follows:
[1] RBCs transport respiratory gases.
[2] They help to maintain acid-base balance in the plasma.
[3] They are involved in the maintenance of ionic equilibrium.
[4] They also help in colouration of faeces.
Question 20 From where do RBCs originate in human body?
Answer:
RBCs originate from:
[1] Vasculosa region of early embryo.
[2] Spleen and liver of matured foetus, about one month before birth
[3] Red bone marrow after birth.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 21 Mention the structural features and function of neutrophils.
Answer:
Structural features: Neutrophils are amoeboid WBC with a diameter of 10-12 μm. Its cytoplasm is granular and the nucleus has 2-7 lobes.
Function: Neutrophils kill germs by the process of phagocytosis.
Question 22 Mention the structural features and function of eosinophils.
Answer:
Structural features: Eosinophils are amoeboid WBC with a diameter of 10-12μm. Its cytoplasm is granular and the nucleus has 2-3 lobes.
Function: Eosinophils play an important role in preventing allergies.
Question 23 Mention the structural features and function of basophil.
Answer:
Structural features: Basophil is a granulocytic WBC with a diameter of 8-10μm. The nucleus of basophil is bean-shaped.
Function: Basophils secrete an anti-coagulant to prevent coagulation of blood within blood vessels.
Question 24 Mention the structural features and function of monocytes.
Answer:
Structural features: Monocytes are agranulocytic WBC with a diameter of 7.5-12μm. It contains a round or kidney-shaped nucleus and homogenous cytoplasm.
Function: Monocytes kill germs through the process of phagocytosis.
Question 25 Mention the structural features and function of lymphocytes.
Answer:
Structural features: Lymphocytes agranulocytic WBC with a diameter of 14-18μm. It contains a horse-shoe-shaped nucleus and homogenous cytoplasm.
Function: Lymphocytes prepare antibodies to maintain immunity.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 26 Mention the structural features and function of platelets or thrombocytes.
Answer:
Structural features: Platelets or thrombo- cytes have oval or water droplet-like cell without nuclei. This blood cell is only 2.5μm in diameter, treated as the smallest cell in the human body.
Functions: When platelets are broken, thromboplastin is released from them to initiate the reactions of blood coagulation.
Question 27 What is meant by ABO blood group?
Answer:
ABO Blood Group:-
In 1901, Karl Landsteiner classified humans. blood into four groups, on the basis of the distribution of agglutinogens (antigens) on RBC & agglutinins (antibodies) in plasma. There are two types of agglutinogens (A and B) & two types of agglutinins (a and B) found in blood. Based on this distribution human blood is classified into A, B, AB, and O groups. This system of classification of blood is called the ABO blood group.
Question 28 What is meant by universal donor?
Answer:
Universal Donor:-
Due to the absence of agglutinogen in RBC, a person having blood group, ‘O’ can donate blood to any group. In this case, the chance of haemagglutination does not arise. Therefore, an individual having blood group ‘O’ is called a universal donor.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 29 What is meant by the universal recipient?
Answer:
Universal Recipient:-
Due to the absence of any agglutinin in plasma, people having blood group ‘AB’ can receive blood from any blood group. In this case, chance of haemagglutination does not arise. Therefore, an individual having blood group ‘AB’ is called a universal recipient.
Question 30 What is the Rh factor?
Answer:
Rh Factor:-
Rh factor is an antigenic protein present in the RBC of most of the world’s population, which has close similarity with a factor present in RBC of the monkey Rhesus macaques. The people having this factor are treated as Rh+ whereas those not having it are regarded as Rh.
Question 31 Mention the importance of the Rh factor in blood transfusion.
Answer:
Importance Of The Rh Factor In Blood Transfusion:-
If a person without Rh factor (Rh) is transfused with blood from a person carrying Rh factor (Rh+), then after 12 days, an antibody, called anti-Rh factor, develops in the recipient’s blood. If the same person gets a second transfusion with Rh+ blood, then a reaction will take place between Rh factor (antigen) and anti-Rh factors (antibody) in his or her blood. This will lead to a fatal consequence due to agglutination and hemolysis of RBC.
Question 32 What is erythroblastosis fetal?
Answer:
Erythroblastosis Fetal:-
If an Rh mother carries an Rh fetus, the Rh antigen enters into the mother’s blood from the fetus. In this situation, an anti-Rh factor (antibody) develops in the mother’s blood, which comes back to the Rh+ fetus and destroys the fetal RBC. As a result, the baby is born with serious anemia. This is called erythroblastosis fetal.
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 33 What is meant by blood transfusion? Mention its importance.
Answer:
Blood transfusion: Blood transfusion is a technique of intravenous infusion of blood to a person who is deficient of blood or blood components.
Importance: Blood is something, which cannot be prepared by any means. Therefore, a patient, suffering from severe anaemia or excessive blood loss has to be transfused with blood to replenish the need.
Question 34 What is meant by blood clotting? Mention its importance.
Answer:
Blood clotting: Blood clotting is a physio-chemical process by which blood turns into a semisolid jelly-like mass or clot.
Importance: Blood clots at the opening of a wound within a few minutes, thereby, stops bleeding and prevents excessive blood loss.
Question 35 Mention different layers of the wall of the human heart.
Answer:
The wall of the heart has three layers.
These are:
1. Epicardium (outermost layer)
2. The myocardium (middle layer)
3. Endocardium (innermost layer).
Question 36 What is a mitral valve? What does the mitral valve do?
Answer:
Mitral valve: Mitral valve or bicuspid valve is the double-cusped valve present at the left atrioventricular opening of the human heart.
Function: Mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle but prevents its backflow. 37
WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Question And Answer
Question 37 What is the tricuspid valve? What does it do?
Answer:
Tricuspid valve: Tricuspid valve is the triple-cusped valve present at the right atrioventricular opening of the human heart.
Function: Tricuspid valve allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle but prevents backflow.
Question 38 What do semilunar valves do?
Answer:
Semilunar Valves:-
In the heart, the aortic semilunar valve allows the through the aorta and prevents the backflow of blood. The flow of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle The pulmonary semilunar valve allows deoxygenated pulmonary artery and prevents the backflow. blood from the right ventricle to flow through the
Question 39 What are papillary muscles?
Answer:
Papillary Muscles:-
The inner surface of the ventricular wall of the heart gives off many inwardly directed columnar muscular projections. These projections are called papillary muscles.
Question 40 What are chordae tendineae?
Answer:
Chordae Tendineae:-
From the tip of the papillary muscles, inside the ventricle, some strong cord-like tendons arise, these are called chordae tendineae.
Question 41 Mention the role of chordae tendineae.
Answer:
Role Of Chordae Tendineae:-
The chordae tendineae are attached to the ventricular face of the cusps of the right and left atrioventricular valves. When the ventricles contract, these strong cords prevent the valves from opening toward the atria.
Question 42. Distinguish between open and closed circulation.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of open and closed circulation are:
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Question 43. Distinguish between human blood and lymph.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of human blood and lymph are:
Question 44. Distinguish between plasma and serum.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of plasma and serum are:
Question 45. Distinguish between hemoglobin and hemocyanin.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of hemoglobin and hemocyanin are:
WBBSE Class Nine Life Science
Question 46. Distinguish between universal donor and universal recipient.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of universal donor and universal recipient are:
Question 47. Distinguish between artery and vein.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of artery and vein are:
WBBSE Class Nine Life Science
Question 48. Distinguish between the auricle and the ventricle.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of the auricle and ventricle are:
Question 49. Distinguish between systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of the systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation are:
Question 50. Distinguish between tissue fluid and intercellular fluid.
Answer:
Distinguishing features of tissue fluid and intercellular fluid are:
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Match The Columns
Question 1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
- By circulation metabolic wastes are carried to the excretory organs
- By circulation metabolic wastes are expelled from the body
- Blood carries oxygen as a compound
- Blood keeps our bodies warm
Answer: 2. By circulation metabolic wastes are expelled from the body
Question 2. The components of the circulatory system are—
- Lungs, heart, kidney
- Blood vessels and blood
- Blood and lymph
- Heart, blood vessels, blood, and lymph
Answer: 4. Heart, blood vessels, blood, and lymph
Question 3. Blood vessels include—
- Arteries.
- Veins
- Arteries and veins
- Veins, arteries, and capillaries
Answer: 4. Veins, arteries, and capillaries
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Question 4. Normal human heartbeats—
- 5720 times/hr.
- 4320 times/hr.
- 6720 times/hr.
- 72 times/hr.
Answer: 2. 4320 times/hr.
Question 5. Heartbeat is controlled by the—
- The activity of cardiac muscle
- The activity of cardiac muscles and special connective tissues
- The activity of cardiac muscles, special connective tissues, and central nervous system
- The activity of cardiac muscles and central nervous system
Answer: 3. The activity of cardiac muscles, special connective tissues, and central nervous system
Question 6. Human blood is red due to—
- A respiratory pigment.
- An excretory material
- A photosynthetic pigment
- None of these
Answer: 1. A respiratory pigment.
Question 7. Haemoglobin and hemocyanin are similar, because both—
- Are non-protein pigments
- Are metalloproteins
- Carry iron
- Carry copper
Answer: 2. Are metalloproteins
Question 8. An artery carries blood from—
- Heart-to-body parts
- Body parts to the heart
- Lungs to heart
- None of these
Answer: 1. Heart-to-body parts
Question 9. Haemolymph and hemocoel are the components of the circulatory system of
- Crab
- Earthworm
- Cockroach
- Starfish
Answer: 3. Cockroach
Question 10. Haemocoel is a—
- Chamber of insect heart
- Chamber of earthworm heart
- Body cavity filled with hemolymph
- None of these
Answer: 3. Body cavity filled with hemolymph
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Question 11. Pericardial sinus is present in cockroaches—
- Around the heart
- Around the gut
- Around the nerve cord
- Inside head
Answer: 1. Around the heart
Question 12. The largest sinus of insect hemocoel is—
- Pericardial sinus
- Perivisceral sinus
- Perineural sinus
- Cephalic sinus
Answer: 2. Perivisceral sinus
Question 13. Cockroach heart has—
- 13 chambers
- 25 openings
- 24 Ostia
- All of these
Answer: 4. All of these
Question 14. Blood from a cockroach’s heart first reaches the—
- Pericardial sinus
- Perivisceral sinus
- Perineural sinus
- Cephalic sinus
Answer: 3. Perineural sinus
Question 15. The closed circulatory system does not possess—
- Artery
- Vein
- Haemocoel
- Heart
Answer: 3. Haemocoel
Question 16. Blood from the heart to the lungs passes through—
- Pulmonary vein
- Pulmonary artery
- Systemic artery
- Carotid artery
Answer: 2. Pulmonary artery
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Question 17. Body fluid includes—
- Blood and lymph
- Blood, lymph, and cerebrospinal fluid
- Urine, blood, and lymph
- All of these
Answer: 2. Blood, lymph, and cerebrospinal fluid
Question 18. Select the wrong statement.
- Intracellular fluid is called cytosol
- Blood is an intracellular fluid
- Urine is an extracellular fluid
- Cerebrospinal fluid is an extracellular fluid
Answer: 2. Blood is an intracellular fluid
Question 19. The material, synthesized in the transported through the blood is—
- Enzyme
- Starch
- Hormones
- Fat
Answer: 3. Hormones
Question 20. Transportation of lipid is the main function of—
- Blood
- Lymph
- Synovial fluid
- Cerebrospinal fluid
Answer: 2. Lymph
Question 21. Prawn blood is bluish in color due to the presence of—
- Iron
- Copper
- Haemocyanin
- Hemoglobin
Answer: 3. Haemocyanin
Question 22. Blood sugar is—
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Glycogen
- Starch
Answer: 1. Glucose
WBBSE Class Nine Life Science
Question 23. Which is serum protein?
- Albumin and globulin
- Fibrinogen and prothrombin
- Only globulin
- All of these
Answer: 4. All of these
Question 24. A non-protein nitrogen present in plasma is
- Urea
- Albumin
- Haemoglobin
- None of these
Answer: 1. Urea
Question 25. Which one does not have any granules of cytoplasm?
- Eosinophil
- Basophil
- Neutrophil
- Lymphocyte
Answer: 4. Lymphocyte
Question 26. Agranulocytes have—
- Non-granular cytoplasm
- Unlobbed nucleus
- Homogeneous cytoplasm.
- All of these
Answer: 4. All of these
Question 27. _____ destroy germs by phagocytosis.
- Monocyte
- Neutrophil
- Both 1 and 2
- None of these
Answer: 3. Both 1 and 2
Question 28. RBC of blood group AB contains—
- Agglutinogen A
- Agglutinogen B
- Agglutinin A and B
- Agglutinogens A and B
Answer: 4. Agglutinogens A and B
Question 29. Blood group O contains—
- Agglutinogen A & B on RBC
- Agglutinin an α and β in plasma
- Agglutinogen a α and β in plasma
- Agglutinin A & B on RBC
Answer: 2. Agglutinin an α and β in plasma
Question 30. Blood coagulation needs—
- Ca2+ions
- Thromboplastin
- Fibrinogen
- All of these
Answer: 4. All of these
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Question 31. Transfusion of unmatched blood may lead to—
- Increase in blood pressure
- Heart failure
- Haemolysis
- Blood coagulation
Answer: 3. Haemolysis
Question 32. Anti-coagulant of blood inside blood vessels is—
- Sodium citrate
- Calcium Citrate
- Heparin
- All of these
Answer: 3. Heparin
Question 33. Which valve of the human heart remains closed during the diastole of the ventricle?
- Mitral valve
- Right atrioventricular valve
- Semi-lunar valve
- Eustachian valve
Answer: 3. Semi-lunar valve
Question 34. Which valves remain closed during the systole of the ventricle?
- Mitral valve
- Right atrioventricular valve
- Both 1 and 2
- None of these
Answer: 3. Both 1 and 2
Question 35. In pulmonary circulation, blood moves—
- From heart to lungs
- From lungs to the heart and back to lungs
- From heart to lungs and lungs to other parts of the body
- From different parts of the body to the lungs
Answer: 2. From lungs to the heart and back to lungs
Question 36. The venous heart is found in—
- Frog
- Human
- Fish
- Birds
Answer: 3. Fish
Question 37. Vitamin ______ helps in the production of prothrombin in the liver.
- A
- K
- E
- C
Answer: 2. K
Question 38. The instrument used to measure blood pressure is—
- Haemometer
- Sphygmomanometer
- Haemocytometer
- Sphygmograph
Answer: 2. Sphygmomanometer
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Answer In A Single Word Or Sentence
Question 1. Which components of human circulatory system do act as vehicle?
Answer: Blood and lymph
Question 2. Which gases are transported through blood?
Answer: Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Question 3. Which type of secretory products are transported through blood.
Answer: Hormones are the main secretory products, transported through blood.
Question 4. What does pulse rate indicate?
Answer: Pulse rate indicates the rate at which the heart beats.
Question 5. In which type of circulation different organs bathe in blood?
Answer: In open circulatory system different organs bathe in blood.
WBBSE Class Nine Life Science
Question 6. From which body cavity does blood enter into the heart of a cockroach?
Answer: Blood enters into the heart of a cockroach from the pericardial sinus.
Question 7. Why does blood of earthworm appear red?
Answer: Blood plasma of earthworm contains haemoglobin, so it appears red.
Question 8. Which is the largest sinus of insect body?
Answer: Visceral sinus
Question 9. How many ventricles does insect heart possess?
Answer: Insect heart possesses thirteen ventricles.
Question 10. Name an invertebrate animal, which possesses closed circulatory system.
Answer: Earthworm
Question 11. Name an animal, in which blood does not take part in the transportation of the respiratory gases.
Answer: Cockroach
Question 12. Name a nutritionally important plasma protein.
Answer: Albumin
Question 13. Name an immunologically important plasma protein.
Answer: Globulin
Question 14. Which disease is caused due to deficiency of red blood cells?
Answer: Anaemia
Question 15 Which part of human circulatory system has the highest immunological importance?
Answer: Lymph glands
Question 16 Which type/types of blood can be transfused to a person carrying ‘O’ blood group?
Answer: A person with ‘O’ blood group can receive the ‘O’ group of blood only.
Question 17 Which is the largest cell in the human blood?
Answer: Monocyte (Diameter. 12-18 μm)
Question 18. Which is the smallest cell in human blood?
Answer: Platelet (Diameter. 2.5 μm)
Question 19. Which blood cells of human blood prevent blood coagulation inside blood vessels?
Answer: Basophils
Question 20. Which are the non-nucleated cells of the human blood?
Answer: Platelets and matured red blood cells
Question 21. Which blood cells of human blood take part in antibody formation?
Answer: Lymphocytes
WBBSE Class Nine Life Science
Question 22. Increase of which blood cell indicates blood cancer?
Answer: Excessive and uncontrolled increase of WBC indicates blood cancer.
Question 23. Who discovered the ABO blood grouping technique?
Answer: Dr. Karl Landsteiner
Question 24. A baby is suffering from erythroblastosis foetalis. His father carries Rh+ blood. Which type of blood is expected in his mother?
Answer: Mother of the baby is expected to carry Rh- blood.
Question 25. Which blood cell prevents allergy?
Answer: Eosinophils prevent allergy.
Question 26. Which blood cells are involved in transportation of respiratory gases?
Answer: Erythrocytes (RBC)
Question 27. Which blood cell is the most abundant in human blood?
Answer: RBC is the most abundant in human blood.
Question 28. Which blood coagulating factor is possessed by platelets?
Answer: Thromboplastin
Question 29. Which element is essential for activating thromboplastin?
Answer: Calcium
Question 30. Which two valves are commonly called semilunar valves?
Answer: Aortic valve and pulmonary arterial valves
Question 31. How many heartbeats are generated by a healthy sinoatrial node?
Answer: 70-80 heartbeats per minute.
Question 32. Which junctional tissue supplements the function of a defective SA node?
Answer: AV node or atrioventricular node
Question 33. How long does RBC survive?
Answer: Normal life span of RBC is 120 days.
Question 34. Which part of special cardiac junctional tissue send impulse to ventricular wall?
Answer: Purkinje fibres
Question 35. Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood towards heart?
Answer: Pulmonary veins
Question 36. Which chamber of human heart receives deoxygenated blood?
Answer: Right atrium
Question 37. What is pericardium?
Answer: Pericardium is the membranous outer covering of the heart.
Question 38. What are systole and diastole?
Answer: Contraction of the heart is called systole and relaxation of the heart is called diastole.
Question 39. Which instrument is used to measure haemoglobin in blood?
Answer: Haemoglobinometer
Question 40. What is haemoglobin made up of?
Answer: Haemoglobin is made up of an iron part, called haem, and a protein part, called globin.
Question 41. What are anticoagulants?
Answer: Anticoagulants are chemical substances that prevent or reduce coagulation of blood.
Example: Hepanin, Warfarin, etc.
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Fill In The Blanks
1 By means of Circulatory fluid, excretory matters from tissues are transported to the excretory organs.
2 Other than cholesterol, lecithin which is a Fat is also present in plasma.
3 Only Deoxygenated blood passes through the venous heart of fish.
4. The matrix of blood is known as Plasma
5 The outer layer of blood vessels is known as Tunica
6 Tricuspid valve is present at the right atrioventricular opening of human heart.
7 The unit by which human blood pressure is measured, is mm of Hg
8 An adult human body contains 5 litres blood.
9 Capillary is present between artery and vein.
10 Artery possesses no Valve
11 Body cavity of insects containing blood is called Haemocoel
12 CSF is present inside the ventricles of the brain.
13 Synovial fluid is present in joints.
14 Protective cell of lymph is Lymphocytes.
15 The life span of RBC is 120 days.
16 Haemoglobin is Chromoprotein
17 Largest WBC is Monocyte
18 Serum is the fluid part of blood after clotting.
19 Increase in number of RBC is called Polycythaemia
20 In mammlian heart, the thickest wall is present in Left ventricle
21 Lymph supplies nutrition and oxygen to those parts where blood cannot reach, and it also helps to return proteins to the blood from the Tissue spaces
22 Pulmonary artery originates from the Right ventricle
23 An anticoagulant substance present in Leech is Hirudin
24. Blood without fibrinogen is called Serum
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation State True Or False
Question 1. Lymph is a special tissue fluid.
Answer: True
Question 2. Haemocyanin is present in the body of prawn.
Answer: True
Question 3. Bicuspid valve is present at right atrioventricular opening.
Answer: False
Question 4. Some invertebrates contain haemoglobin in RBC.
Answer: False
Question 5. Veins carry blood towards the heart.
Answer: True
Question 6. Thrombocytes contain bilobed nucleus.
Answer: False
Question 7. Due to blood donation donor becomes sick.
Answer: False
Question 8. Karl Landsteiner was the person who discovered Rh factor.
Answer: True
Question 9. Blood can be created artificially.
Answer: False
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Match The Columns
Answer: 1-E; 2-D; 3-A; 4-B
Answer: 1-B; 2-A; 3-D; 4-C
Answer: 1-D; 2-E; 3-B; 4-A
Answer: 1-E; 2-A; 3-D; 4-B
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Find The Odd One Out
Question 1 Haemocoel, Haemolymph, Capillary, Heart
Answer: Capillary
Question 2 Lymph, Sweat, Urine, Intracellular fluid
Answer: Intracellular fluid
Question 3 Serum, Platelets, Fibrinogen, Lymph
Answer: Lymph
Question 4 Albumin, Globulin, Prothrombin, Creatinine
Answer: Creatinine
Question 5 Eosinophil, Basophil, Thrombocyte, Lymphocyte
Answer: Thrombocyte
Question 6 Neutrophil, Monocyte, Eosinophil, Basophil
Answer: Monocyte
Question 7 Secretion of thromboplastin, Blood coagulation, Platelets, Phagocytosis
Answer: Phagocytosis
Question 8 AV node, Tricuspid valve, Alveoli, Left ventricle
Answer: Alveoli
Question 9 SA Node, Bundle of His, Valves of Heart, Rhythmicity of heart
Answer: Valves of Heart
Question 10 Carry oxygenated blood, Pulmonary artery, Pulmonary vein, Aorta
Answer: Pulmonary artery
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Fill In The Blanks By Looking At The First Pair
1. Man: Blood:: Cockroach: Haemolymph
2. Cellular fluid: ICF:: Blood and lymph: ECF
3. Blood: Liquid connective tissue:: Lymph: Modified tissue
4. CSF: Ventricles of brain:: Joint: Synovial fluid
5. Human: Double circulation:: Fish: Single circulation
6. Cardiac pacemaker: SA node:: Reserve pacemaker: AV node
7 Bicuspid valve: Left auricle and ventricle:: Tricuspid valve: Right auricle and ventricle
8 Right auricle superior vena cava :: Left auricle: Pulmonary vein
9 Polycythemia: RBC:: WBC: Leucocytosis
10 Eosinophil: Histamine secretion:: Basophil: Heparin secretion
11 Transport of O2: RBC :: Protective property: WBC
Chapter 3 Physiological Processes Of Life Circulation Among The Four Concepts Given, Three Of Them Belong To One. Find That
Question 1 Fibrinogen, Blood coagulation factors, Thromboplastin, Calcium
Answer: Blood coagulation factors
Question 2 Blood group, +ve, A, AB
Answer: Blood group
Question 3 Platelets, Blood corpuscles, RBC, WBC
Answer: Blood corpuscles
Question 4 Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium, Layers of the heart wall
Answer: Layers of the heart wall