WBBSE Solutions For Class 8 School Science Chapter 6 The Structure of Living Organisms Very Short Answer Type Questions

Chapter 6 The Structure Of Living Organisms VSAQs

Question 1. Name the structural and functional unit of a living body.
Answer:

The structural and functional unit of a living body is the cell.

Question 2. Who observed cells for the first time? Robert Hooke (1965) observed dead cork cells actually honey-comb-shaped

Answer: cell walls for the first time.

Question 3. Who observed living cells for the first time? Leeuwenhoek (1673) observed living cells like
Answer:

bacteria, protozoa, spermatozoa, red blood cells etc., for the first time.

Question 4. Who discovered the microscope?
Answer:

The first microscope was built by Janssen (1590). It was first modified by Galileo (1610) and then by Robert Hooke.

Question 5. What is cell theory?
Answer:

Cell theory:

Cell theory states that all organisms are made up of cells.

Read And Learn More WBBSE Solutions For Class 8 School Science Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 6. Who proposed cell theory?
Answer:

Cell theory was proposed by Schleiden and Schwann (1839).

Question 7. What is the source of illumination of a light microscope?
Answer:

Visible light is the source of illumination of a light microscope.

Question 8. Why electron microscope is named so?
Answer:

In the case of the electron microscope, the source of illumination is a beam of electrons.

WBBSE Class 8 Very Short Answer Questions Living Organisms

Question 9. How many lenses are used in the simple light microscope?
Answer:

Only one ocular lens is used in the case of a simple light microscope.

Question 10. How many lenses are used in the compound light microscope?
Answer:

Three lenses are used in the compound light microscope.

Question 11. What types of lenses are used in light microscopes?
Answer:

Glass lenses are used.

Question 12. What types of lenses are used in an electron microscope?
Answer:

Electromagnetic lenses are used.

Question 13. What amount of magnification can be achieved in the light microscope?
Answer:

The magnification can be about 2000-4000 times.

Question 14. What amount of magnification can be achieved in an electron microscope?
Answer:

A magnification of about 50,000 to 300,000 times can be achieved.

Structure of Living Organisms Chapter 6 WBBSE Answers

Question 15. Name a unicellular organism.
Answer:

Amoeba is a unicellular organism.

Question 16. Name two multicellular organisms.
Answer:

Mosquitoes, humans etc., are multicellular organisms.

Question 17. Give two examples of hexagonal-shaped cells.
Answer:

Examples of hexagonal-shaped cells:

Liver cells and meristematic tissue cells are hexagonal.

Question 18. Name algae having a filamentous body.
Answer:

Spirogyra looks like a thread or filament.

Question 19. What are pseudopodia ?
Answer:

Pseudopodia:

Pseudopodia are temporary cellular outgrowths from the body of Amoeba, which help in locomotion.

Question 20. Write about the shape of our RBCs.
Answer:

Shape of our RBCs:

The cells are circular disc-like and flattened at the centre.

Question 21. Which cells can receive stimuli from the environment and conduct it?
Answer:

Nerve cells are capable of these functions.

Question 22. Where in the animal body, fat is stored?
Answer:

Most fat of the animal body is stored beneath the skin.

WBBSE Class 8 Science Very Short Answer Format

Question 23. Where do we find stone cells?
Answer:

Stone cells:

Stone cells are found in the seed coat and fruit coat of some plants.

Question 24. Which tissue cells are responsible for the movement of food through the alimentary canal?
Answer:

Muscle tissue cells are mostly responsible.

Question 25. What is the main difference between meristematic tissue and permanent tissue?
Answer:

Meristematic tissue is composed of meristematic cells which are in a state of cell division to produce new cells.
A permanent tissue is composed of mature cells which have lost the power of cell division and have attained a permanent form.

Question 26. Name the tissue which forms the horn in mammals.
Answer:

Epithelial tissue

Question 27. Give an example of two cells which aid in vision.
Answer:

Rod cells and cone cells of the retina.

Question 28. Name two organelles of a plant cell that contain their own genetic material and ribosomes.
Answer:

Plastids and mitochondria.

Question 29. Name two cells which do not possess a nucleus.
Answer:

Prokaryotic cells like those of bacteria and cyanobacteria.

Question 30. Name the yellow and orange pigments of chromoplastids.
Answer:

Yellow ⇒carotene ⇒Orange Zanthophyll

Question 31. Which cell organelle participates in cell division of animal cells?
Answer:

Centrosome

WBBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 6 Quick Answers

Question 32. Name the principal types of plant tissue.
Answer:

Two principal types—meristematic and permanent.

Question 33. Name the principal types of animal tissues.
Answer:

Four principal types—epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous.

Question 34. Give two examples of connective tissue.
Answer:

Examples of connective tissue:

Blood and bones are connective tissue.

Question 35. Name two organelles which are formed from the cell membranes.
Answer:

Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies are formed from the plasma membrane.

Question 36. Name the part of protoplasm present inside the nucleus.
Answer:

Nucleoplasm is present inside the nucleus.

Question 37. What is the chemical name of a gene?
Answer:

Chemical name of a gene:

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Question 38. State the function of the nucleolus.
Answer:

Function of the nucleolus:

It helps in the formation of ribosomes by forming ribosomal RNA.

Very Short Answer Questions for Class 8 Organisms

Question 39. What are cristae? Where it is found?
Answer:

Cristae:

These are finger-like projections of the inner mitochondrial membrane towards the matrix.

Question 40. From which cell organelles, enzymes and hormones are synthesized?
Answer:

Golgi bodies.

Question 41. Which cell organelles are associated with the destruction of pathogens?
Answer:

Lysosomes are responsible for the destruction of some pathogens.

Question 42. What are rough endoplasmic reticulums?
Answer:

Rough endoplasmic reticulums:

The endoplasmic reticulums provided with ribosomes on their outer surface are called rough endoplasmic reticulums.

Question 43. What is histology?
Answer:

Histology:

Microscopic study of cells and tissues is known as histology.

Question 44. What is cytology?
Answer:

Cytology:

The study of cells is known as cytology.

WBBSE Class 8 Science Important Very Short Answers

Question 45. What is a histological stain?
Answer:

Histological stain:

These are chemical substances (generally coloured and known as dyes) which help to differentiate different parts of a cell under a microscope.

Question 46. Write the characteristics of a desert region.
Answer:

Characteristics of a desert region:

The environment is very dry and hot, as is the minimum rainfall.

Question 47. What is a high-altitude environment?
Answer:

High-altitude environment:

The environment above the height of 15000 feet or more from ground level.

Question 48. What is antifreeze protein?
Answer:

Antifreeze protein:

These are protein molecules which prevent ice formation inside the cell.

Question 49. In which animals do we find antifreeze proteins?
Answer:

In animals which live in very dry and cold environments.

WBBSE Class 8 Very Short Answer Resources

Question 50. What is aerenchyma?
Answer:

Aerenchyma:

Aerenchyma is a modified parenchyma cell of plants, filled with enough air bubbles to help them to float in water.

Question 51. What are chloride cells?
Answer:

Chloride cells:

These are some specialized cells found in animals living in salt water, which help to eliminate excess salt from the body.

Question 52. What are mesosomes?
Answer:

Mesosomes:

These are the structures found in bacterial cells, which compensate for the absence of mitochondria and help in respiration.

Question 53. Which animals can tolerate high acidity?
Answer:

Animals living in environments rich in decaying compounds.

Question 54. Why wing muscles of insects contain more mitochondria?
Answer:

Flapping of wings requires more energy.

Question 55. Where do you find myoglobin?
Answer:

Myoglobin:

Myoglobin is a protein found in muscle cells.

Question 56. Name one similarity between the nucleus and mitochondria.
Answer:

Both nucleus and mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles.

Living Organisms WBBSE Study Guide for Short Answers

Question 57. What do you mean by polymorphism of Lysosomes?
Answer:

Polymorphism of Lysosomes:

Lysosomes are polymorphic, i.e. these have four main types based on morphology. These are primary lysosome, secondary lysosome, residual body and autophagic vacuole.

Question 58. Which cell organelle remains attached to the nuclear membrane?
Answer:

RER

Question 59. Identify the following cells—
Answer:

1. spindle-shaped with both ends tapering helps in contraction and relaxation
2. of isodiametric cells located in the stem or root tip, leaf bud etc.
3. kidney-shaped, controls the opening and closing of stomata.
4. a cell devoid of organelles like mitochondria, ER, Golgi bodies etc.
5. Muscle cells
6. meristematic cells
7. guard cells
8. Prokaryotic bacterial cell

Question 60. Bacteria do not have chloroplast but some bacteria are photoautotrophic in nature. Which part of bacterial cell performs photosynthesis?
Answer:

Bacteria do not have chloroplast but some bacteria are photoautotrophic in nature:

The photosynthetic pigments or thylakoids are present in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells that carry out photosynthesis.