WBBSE Solutions For Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Control Of Air Pollution

WB Class 6 Geography  Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Analytical Type Questions

Question 1. Discuss the measures for controlling air pollution.
Answer:

The different measures for controlling air pollution are as follows—

1. We must place a handkerchief to cover our mouth while sneezing or coughing.
2. The room, where gas or stoves are lit, must be well-ventilated for the smoke emitted while cooking to escape.
3. The dustbins in our rooms should always be covered.
4. Rooms must be kept open and ventilated for air to pass freely while painting windows and doors.
5. Mosquito nets instead of mosquito coils should be used to avoid injury to health.
6. One should not be allowed to smoke in a confined room as the smoke emitted mixes with air and causes harm to the health of others present in the room.

Question 2. What are the effects of air pollution?
Answer:

There are various effects of air pollution on the environment.

These are as follows—

Effects on human beings: Air pollution can cause respiratory problems, asthma, heart disease, lung cancer and cough.

Effects on plants: Air pollution may cause discolouration of leaves and death of plant tissues. It also causes the death of immature plants and reduces the production of fruits and flowers.

Acid rain: When water droplets and oxygen combine with harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide, acid rain is formed which destroys plants, aquatic organisms and marble sculptures.

Smog: Smog is the combination of smoke and fog. It is detrimental to living organisms and may even cause death.

Class 6 Geography WBBSE

Increase in the atmospheric temperature: Atmospheric temperature increases due to an increase in the number of harmful gases like carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere.

Depletion of the ozone layer: Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emitted from air conditioners, and refrigerators are responsible for the destruction of the ozone layer.

Due to the formation of the ozone hole, the earth’s surface receives harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

Question 3. Write down the harmful effects of acid rain.
Answer:

Acid rain or rainfall with a high acidic content is itself a result of air pollution.

The harmful effects of acid rain are as follows—

1. The acidity of ponds, lakes and rivers increases. This causes harm to the aquatic flora and fauna.
2. The acid balance of the soil gets disturbed and the fertility decreases.
3. Damage is caused to the skin of human beings and animals.
4. Marble and limestone structures and monuments develop small pores and holes, leading to their eventual decay.
5. Acid rain damages bridges’ steel and causes discolouration of paints applied on houses.
6. Germination of seeds gets disrupted due to acid rain.

 

Question 4. Discuss the effects of global warming.
Answer:

The effects of global warming:

The earth is getting warmer like a greenhouse due to the increase in the number of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This phenomenon is known as global warming.

The ill effects of global warming are discussed below—

Change in climate: Different parts of the world are experiencing a change in climate due to global warming.

Rise in temperature: The average temperature of seas and oceans has risen due to global warming.

Melting of glaciers: Due to the increase in temperature, polar ice caps and mountain glaciers are gradually melting which ultimately leads to the rise in sea level.

Class 6 Geography WBBSE

Extinction of plants and animals: Certain species of plants and animals have become extinct due to global warming.

Question 5. What can we do to reduce pollution?
Answer:

The different measures which can be adopted to control air pollution are discussed below—

Use of public transport: The intensity of air pollution would be reduced if we travel by public transport like buses or trains instead of personal or private cars.

Use of non-polluting vehicles: If more nonpolluting vehicles such as electric trains, trams, metros, and bicycles are used then air pollution can be effectively controlled.

Using cars with less polluting engines: Cars with very old engines should not be used as they cause a lot of pollution. So, nowadays less polluting engines manufactured by advanced technology are used.

Locating industrial plants away from residential areas: The factories and industrial plants should be located far away from residential areas.

Also, the waste materials released from these industrial units need to be treated before discharge.

Using non-conventional sources of energy: Different non-conventional sources of energy like solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy should be utilised instead of conventional energies like coal and petroleum.

Afforestation: Plants play an important role in maintaining the oxygen-carbon dioxide balance in the environment.

They also help in minimising air pollution because the movement of dust particles and carbon particles floating in the air is restricted by the leaves. So it is important to plant trees along the roads and around industrial plants.

WB Class 6 Geography  Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Analytical Type Questions

Question 1. How does air pollution affect the ozone layer?
Answer:

Air pollution affect the ozone layer:

The ozone layer of the atmosphere works as a sunscreen for the Earth.

It protects the earth from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the sun as the UV rays cannot penetrate through the ozone layer.

However, the ozone layer has been gradually depleting due to air pollution.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emitted from air conditioners, refrigerators and nitrogen oxide emitted from supersonic jets, nuclear explosions, etc. are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer.

Question 2. What are the effects of ozone layer depletion on the environment?
Answer:

The effects of ozone layer depletion on the environment:

Ozone gas is poisonous but it forms a layer in the stratosphere which protects the earth from the harmful effects of the ultraviolet radiation of the Sun.

There are various effects of ozone layer depletion—

Effect on human beings: Depletion of the ozone layer can cause skin cancer, reduce immunity, and cause skin burns.

It may also lead to dizziness, sleepiness, breathlessness and even long-term diseases like bronchitis, asthma and other cardiac problems.

Effect on animals: Thinning of the ozone layer reduces the immunity in animals, and has harmful effects on small fishes, crabs and other zooplankton.

Effect on plants: Ozone layer depletion also affects the plant kingdom. It disrupts photosynthesis in plants, reduces the production of fruits and flowers and causes the destruction of phytoplanktons.

Class 6 Geography WBBSE

It damages certain plant parts and leads to loss of colour and scarring in leaves. It may even lead to premature ageing.

Question 3. Write a short note on acid rain.
Answer:

Acid rain:

Different types of poisonous gases (such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulphur dioxide) react with rainwater to produce acid which falls on the earth’s surface as acid rain.

Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulphur dioxide emitted from vehicles and factories react with oxygen and moisture in the air to produce acid.

This acid combines with rainwater and falls on the ground as acid rain. Acid rain adversely affects the soil and trees and is fatal for fish and aquatic organisms.

Statues and monuments made of marble are also damaged by acid rain.

Question 4. State the main greenhouse gases and list their sources.
Answer:

The main greenhouse gases and list their sources:

The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and water vapour

The different sources of the main greenhouse gases are listed below—

1. Burning of fossil fuel (coal, petrol).
2. Wastes from factories, power plants and atomic power plants.
3. Decomposition and burning of organic matter.
4. Use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides in farming.
5. Wastes from households and municipalities.

Question 5. Briefly write about global warming.
Answer:

Global warming:

Heat from the sun easily reaches the earth’s surface during the daytime.

However, the presence of various greenhouse gases in the air absorbs some of this heat and prevents it from escaping back to space.

As a result, the average temperature of the earth rises. This phenomenon is known as global warming.

Question 6. What is a greenhouse? What is meant by the greenhouse effect?
Answer:

Greenhouse:

In cold countries, plants are grown in a glass house. The glass walls allow the sunlight to enter but do not allow it to return.

This special type of glass house is called a greenhouse. The inner environment of a greenhouse remains warm.

The thermal radiation from the sun is absorbed by water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gases present in the earth’s atmosphere.

As a result, the temperature on Earth increases day by day due to the absorption of thermal radiation.

This phenomenon by which the temperature of the earth’s surface is increasing is known as the greenhouse effect.

Question 7. What can we do to control air pollution?
Answer:

We can adopt various ways to control air pollution.

These are as follows—

Use of public transport: We can use public transport instead of private cars and motor vehicles. This will reduce air pollution.

Use of pollution-free vehicles: Air pollution can be reduced by using electric trains, trams, bicycles, and cycle rickshaws. At present, battery-powered motorcycles, and motor vehicles are also in use.

Other measures: Industries should be built far away from residential areas; air pollution can be reduced by using non-conventional energies instead of conventional energies, and by planting more trees.

Class 6 Geography Question Answer WBBSE

Question 8. What are the ways to reduce pollution at home?
Answer:

Some of the ways to reduce pollution at home are given below—

1. Kitchens should be well-ventilated.
2. Dustbins should be kept covered at all times.
3. Mosquito nets should be used as they are better than mosquito repellents.
4. Smoking should not be allowed at home.

Question 9. Why does air pollution cause the most harm to children?
Answer:

Air pollution cause the most harm to children:

Children have higher breathing rates than adults and as a result, inhale more pollutants per kilogram of body weight.

Due to their short height or playing habits like crawling or rolling, children inhale more of the heavy pollutants that settle near the ground level.

Also, because their organs are still developing, they are more severely affected by air pollution than adults.

Question 10. Write a short note on Earth Hour.
Answer:

Earth Hour:

Earth Hour is an awareness-creating initiative by the World Wide Fund for Nature or WWF that was first observed in Sydney, Australia on 31 March 2007 between 8:00 pm and 9:00 pm, local time.

During this one hour, all lights were switched off. This was an important step for energy conservation as well as to raise awareness.

From that year, almost 1000 cities in 85 countries observe any one hour in the last week of March as the designated Earth Hour. In 2014, this was observed on 29 March by citizens of 162 nations.

Question 11. What is the impact of air pollution on the atmosphere and on the climate?
Answer:

The impact of air pollution on the atmosphere and on the climate:

Air pollution affects the atmosphere and the climate of our earth, both directly and indirectly.

For instance- 11] The increasing percentage of gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFC in the air is causing the temperature of the atmosphere to rise.

Smog and acid rain are caused by air pollution.

The number of lightning and thunderstorms, tornadoes and other natural disasters is increasing.

Regions which used to see high rainfall are now experiencing droughts while regions which once received low rainfall are experiencing flood-like situations.

Class 6 Geography Question Answer WBBSE

Question 12. What is smog?
Answer:

Smog:

The word ‘smog’ is derived from two words—’smog’ and ‘fog’. Smog is actually a mixture of smoke and fog.

It is formed when smoke from vehicles and industrial plants mixes with fog during winter in big cities and industrial areas.

Smog is harmful to our health as it irritates our eyes and nose, and causes respiratory diseases and headaches. In some cases, smog can even prove to be fatal for human beings.

Apart from these, smog also adversely affects plants and animals. The Great Smog of London in 1952 is reported to have caused the death of over 4000 people.

 

Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Why is it necessary to cover our mouths while sneezing and coughing?
Answer:

It Is necessary to cover our mouths while sneezing and coughing:

While sneezing and coughing, germs of different airborne diseases are released into the surrounding through our mouth and nose.

As a result, people who are close by may get affected by these airborne diseases. So it is necessary to cover our mouth while sneezing and coughing.

Question 2. What is the role of atmospheric ozone?
Answer:

The role of atmospheric ozone:

Ozone gas is a natural sunscreen. This layer stops harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun from reaching the earth’s surface.

The ozone layer acts as a protective shield and so thinning of the ozone layer is of great concern.

Question 3. What is meant by ozone depletion?
Answer:

Ozone depletion:

The thinning of the ozone layer as a result of both natural and man-made causes is known as ozone depletion.

When the density of the ozone layer at a particular place becomes less than 200 Dobson units, ozone depletion is said to have occurred.

Class 6 Geography Question Answer WBBSE

In 1990 density of the ozone layer over Antarctica had decreased to only 90 Dobson units.

Question 4. Write the names of some greenhouse gases.
Answer:

The names of some greenhouse gases are—

1. Carbon dioxide (the main greenhouse gas),
2. Methane,
3. Nitrous oxide,
4. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC),
5. Water vapour and
6. Ozone gas.

Question 5. Name two conventional and two non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:

Two conventional sources of energy are coal and petrol. Two non-conventional sources of energy are solar energy and wind energy.

Question 6. How can air pollution be prevented by using non-conventional sources of energy?
Answer:

Different types of energies which fall under the category of non-conventional sources of energy are solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, biogas and ocean wave energy.

No fuel is burned when electricity is generated from these non-conventional sources of energy. Consequently, the emission of poisonous gases into the air decreases which eventually makes our environment clean.

Question 7. What will happen if polluted air enters the body?
Answer:

Polluted air is very harmful to us.

The contaminated air can mix with blood and may cause ailments like headaches, respiratory trouble, bronchitis, asthma, heart diseases, lung cancer, etc.

Class 6 Geography Question Answer WBBSE

It also increases sneezing and coughing. Air pollution can even cause the deaths of human beings.

Question 8. Why is the sea level rising as a result of air pollution?
Answer:

One of the most significant and harmful effects of air pollution is global warming.

As a result of this, polar ice caps and glaciers are melting, and flowing into the rivers, seas and oceans. This increased inflow of water is leading to a rise in the sea level.

Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Match The Following

Question 1. Which of the following in the atmosphere protects life on Earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun?

1. O₂
2. O₃
3. H_2O

Answer: 2. O₂

Question 2. Refrigerators, air conditioners and aerosol sprays release –

1. O₂
2. CFC
3. SO₂

Answer: 2. CFC

Question 3. The thinning of the ozone layer will allow which rays to reach the earth?

1. Ultraviolet rays
2. X rays
3. Infrared rays

Answer: 1. Ultraviolet rays

Question 4. Which gas emitted from supersonic jets causes harm to the ozone layer?

1. Nitrogen oxide
2. Hydrogen
3. Carbon dioxide

Answer: 1. Nitrogen oxide

WBBSE Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 5. Skin cancer is caused by—

1. Noise pollution
2. Air pollution
3. Soil pollution

Answer: 2. Air pollution

Question 6. Monuments made of marble such as taj mahal and victoria memorial are getting damaged due to—

1. Acid rain
2. Depletion of the ozone layer
3. Global warming

Answer: 1. Acid rain

Question 7. Acid rain is more common in—

1. Industrial areas
2. Forests
3. Farmlands

Answer: 1. Industrial areas

Question 8. Which of the following gets mixed with water during acid rain?

1. Sulphur dioxide
2. Calcium carbonate
3. Chlorofluorocarbon

Answer: 1. Sulphur dioxide

Question 9. The glass structures used to cultivate vegetables and other plants in cold countries are known as—

1. Winter houses
2. Greenhouses
3. Glasshouses

Answer: 2. Greenhouses

Question 10. Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

1. Methane
2. Oxygen
3. Hydrogen

Answer: 1. Methane

WBBSE Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 11. Which of the following gases is responsible for global warming?

1. Oxygen
2. Nitrogen
3. Carbon dioxide

Answer: 3. Carbon dioxide

Question 12. Which of the following is a form of public transport?

1. Bicycle
2. Rickshaw
3. Train

Answer: 3. Train

Question 13. Which of the following modes of transport does not cause air pollution?

1. Bus
2. Diesel train
3. Electric train

Answer: 3. Electric train

Question 14. The use of alternative energy will help to—

1. Lower the level of air pollution
2. Raise the level of air pollution
3. Maintain the level of air pollution

Answer: 1. Maintain the level of air pollution

Question 15. The source of alternative energy is—

1. Hydroelectricity
2. Heat electricity
3. Solar power

Answer: 3. Solar power

Question 16. The intensity of air pollution is maximum—

1. In dense forests
2. In mountain peaks
3. Near the ground surface

Answer: 3. Near the ground surface

WBBSE Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Fill In the Blanks

Question 1. The layer of atmosphere which acts as a protective shield is called the_________________
Answer: Ozone Layer

Question 2. The thinning of the ozone layer will allow the sun’s _________________ rays to reach the earth.
Answer: Ultraviolet

Question 3. _________________rain is a result of air pollution.
Answer: Acid

Question 4. The abnormal increase in the mean temperature of the earth’s atmosphere is known as _________________
Answer: Global Warming

Question 5. The most important greenhouse gas is_________________
Answer: Carbon Dioxide

Question 6. _________________is the name given to glass houses used in cold climates to grow vegetables and flowers.
Answer: Greenhouse

Question 7. _________________is a non-polluting vehicle.
Answer: Electric Train

Question 8. _________________energies like solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy should be utilised instead of conventional energies such as coal and petrol.
Answer: Non-Conventional

Question 9. Earth Hour was first_________________ observed by the residents of in Australia.
Answer: Sydney

Question 10. Citizens of 1000 cities spread across countries switch off lights,_________________ fans and other electricity-consuming gadgets to raise awareness about global warming.
Answer: 85

WBBSE Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 11. Every year 22 April is celebrated all over the world as_________________
Answer: Earth day

Question 12. Smog is caused by_________________ pollution.
Answer: Air

Question 13. _________________gas is released from air conditioners.
Answer: CFC

WB Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Write True or False

Question 1. Nitrogen is a greenhouse gas.
Answer: False

Question 2. A taxi is a non-polluting form of transport.
Answer: False

Question 3. Acid rain is causing the decay of the marble structure, the Taj Mahal.
Answer: True

Question 4. Earth Hour is observed for one hour.
Answer: True

Question 5. The bin used for the disposal of domestic wastes must always be kept covered.
Answer: True

Question 6. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) released by refrigerators cause damage to the ozone layer of the atmosphere.
Answer: True

Question 7. Industrial wastes should be disposed of near human settlements.
Answer: False

Question 8. One should uproot small plants rather than big trees.
Answer: False

Question 9. Petrol and coal are examples of conventional sources of energy.
Answer: True

Question 10. Methane is a greenhouse gas.
Answer: True

Question 11. Afforestation fights air pollution.
Answer: True

WB Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 12. The use of private means of transport over public transport lowers air pollution.
Answer: False

Question 13. Due to air pollution, the average temperature of the atmosphere is decreasing.
Answer: False

Question 14. Ultraviolet rays are beneficial for our bodies.
Answer: False

Question 15. Mosquito-repellent coils are good for health.
Answer: False

Question 16. Smog is formed due to noise pollution.
Answer: False

Question 17. Smog is nothing but a combination of smoke and fog.
Answer: True

WB Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Match The Columns

 

Answer: 1-D,2-C,3-E,4-B,5-A

 

WB Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Answer In One Or Two Words

Question 1. What can be used instead of mosquito coils to avoid injury to health?
Answer: Mosquito net.

Question 2. Which layer of the atmosphere acts as a protective shield for all living beings on Earth?
Answer: Ozone layer.

Question 3. How far above the earth’s surface is the ozone layer found?
Answer: 15 km-30 km.

Question 4. Which gas is responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer?
Answer: Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC).

Question 5. Write the full name of CFC.
Answer: Chlorofluorocarbon.

Question 6. What are the harmful effects of the ultraviolet rays reaching the earth’s surface due to thinning of the ozone layer?
Answer: Skin cancer and optical diseases.

Question 7. Which gases are responsible for causing acid rain?
Answer: Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide.

Question 8. What is the worldwide increase in average atmospheric temperature called?
Answer: Global warming.

Question 9. Which gas is primarily responsible for global warming?
Answer: Carbon dioxide.

Question 10. Write the names of three greenhouse gases.
Answer: Carbon dioxide, methane and ozone.

Question 11. In which climatic region are greenhouses used for the purpose of cultivation?
Answer: Cold climatic regions.

Question 12. Give two examples of public transport.
Answer: Buses and trains.

Question 13. Give two examples of non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer: Solar energy and wind energy.

Question 14. On 31 March 2007, why did the residents of Sydney in Australia switch off all lights from 8.30 pm to 9.30 pm?
Answer: To reduce global warming.

Question 15. Which time duration was observed as Earth Hour?
Answer: 8:00 pm to 9:00 pm.

WB Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 16. Where was the first Earth Hour observed?
Answer: Australia.

Question 17. Which Day is observed as World Environment Day?
Answer: 5 June.

Question 18. Which day is observed as Earth Day?
Answer: 22 April.

Question 19. Which disease is caused due to smoking?
Answer: Cancer.

Question 20. Which form of pollution causes smog?
Answer: Air pollution.

Question 21. What is smog?
Answer: The combined form of smoke and fog.

 

Chapter 8 Air Pollution Topic B Effects And Controls Of Air Pollution Miscellaneous Type Questions Find The Odd One Out

Question 1. Volcanic eruption: Forest fire: Dust storm: Urbanisation
Answer: Urbanisation (not a natural source of air pollution)

Question 2. Carbon dioxide: Sulphur dioxide: Nitrogen oxides: Water
Answer: Water (not an air pollutant)

Question 3. Fukushima : Bhopal: Chornobyl: Kolkata
Answer: Kolkata (not a site of the deadly disaster which caused air pollution)

Question 4. Water vapour: Oxygen: Carbon dioxide: Methane
Answer: Oxygen (not a greenhouse gas)

Question 5. Acid rain: Hailstorms: Smog: Global warming
Answer: Hailstorms (not caused due to air pollution)

 

Correct The Following

Question 1. The explosion at the thermal power plant in Fukushima Daiichi in Japan occurred in 2011.
Answer: Nuclear Power Plant

Question 2. The smoke of bidis and cigarettes is beneficial for health.
Answer: Harmful

Question 3. Oxygen is responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer.
Answer: Chlorofluorocarbon(CFC)

Question 4. Acid rain destroys the sculptures made of mudstone.
Answer: Marble

Question 5. Greenhouse gases decrease the temperature of the earth.
Answer: Increase

 

Who Am I?

Question 1. Living beings take me in when they breathe. Who am I?
Answer: Oxygen

Question 2. Plants absorb me to conduct photosynthesis and release oxygen into the air. Who am I?
Answer: Carbon dioxide

Question 3. Absorb the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun and protect life on Earth. Who am I?
Answer: The ozone layer

WB Class 6 Geography Question Answer

Question 4. I am the gas most responsible for the thinning of the ozone layer. Who am I?
Answer: Cholofluorocarbon

Question 5. The Taj Mahal is being damaged because of me. Who am I?
Answer: Acid rain

 

Scrambled Words

1. PHURXIDIOSULDE
2. ACRAIDIN
3. TROOXNIIDEGEN
4. USEGRHOEEN

Answer:

1. SULPHUR DIOXIDE
2. ACID RAIN
3. NITROGEN OXIDE
4. GREENHOUSE

 

Fill Up The Blanks In The Knowledge Hive

Question 1. Fill in the knowledge hive with information on the natural causes of air pollution.

Answer:

1. Sulphur dioxide, H₂S and CO emission during a volcanic eruption
2. Methane gas emission from the decomposition of organic substances
3. Forest fires
4. Dust storms
5. Pollen dust from plants

 

Crossword

Clues:______________________

Down:

1. This is a process of contamination of the natural environment that causes adverse changes.
2. This gas is released as a result of the decay and decomposition of organic matter.
4. This is a lung disease that makes breathing difficult.

Across:

3. Living beings take this in when they breathe.
5. These are extremely fine liquid or solid particles that remain suspended in air as fog or smoke.

Answer:

Down:

1. Pollution,
2. Methane,
4. Asthma

Across:

3. Oxygen,
5. Aerosol.

 

Advanced Questions And Answers

Question 1. How can we protect the ozone layer?
Answer: The ozone layer can be protected by—

1. Reducing the worldwide production of chlorofluorocarbon.
2. Maintaining the environmental law for the airconditioner industry, paint industry and plastic industry.
3. Compliance with international agreements on environmental.
4. Reducing the CFC gas in air conditioners, refrigerators, etc.

Question 2. What is stone cancer?
Answer: Buildings and statues made of marble and limestone get corroded when acid rain falls on them and this is seen in the form of innumerable small holes formed on them.

This is because both sulphuric acid and nitric acid, the main acids in acid rain dissolve the marble to form salts. This phenomenon is called marble or stone cancer.

 

Formative

Interpretation and Application: This segment will test whether the students have understood the topics, or whether they are just memorising them.

Question 1. You can find out the dust particles present in the air. Do an experiment to know more!
Answer: Dust is one of the key elements of air. However, when the amount of dust particles in the air is more than the normal level, it causes air pollution.

To examine the presence of these dust particles in the air, a particular time of the day is chosen when sufficient sunlight is available.

Then all the doors and windows of a room are to be closed so that no light can enter the room. After that, a little bit of a window has to be left open, so that a narrow beam of sunlight can enter the room.

After careful observation, it is seen that innumerable dust particles are floating around the This proves that there are innumerable dust particles present in the air.

Questioning and Experimentation: This segment will investigate the student’s understanding of the subject, questioning capacity, ability to explain and apply and urge for experimentation.

Make a survey of air pollution with the help of elders in your locality.

Question 1. The name of your city/village/area
Answer: Hooghly

Question 2. How many big trees are there near your house?
Answer: 20-25

Question 3. Learn from your parents/grandparents whether the number of trees in your area has increased or decreased compared to times before.
Answer: Decreased

Question 4. Are there any brick kilns/factories near your place? If yes, how many?
Answer: Yes, there is only one brick kiln

Question 5. At what time of the day do most vehicles ply the main road of your area? How many vehicles ply on average during the busiest hours?
Answer: from 9 am to 11 am and 4 pm to 6 pm 50-60 vehicles.

Question 6. How many people in your house/area are suffering from air pollution-related diseases?
Answer: 10-12 elderly people and 4 children

Question 7. How many members of your house use public transport?
Answer: 2 persons

Empathy and Cooperation: This segment will determine the ability of students to cooperate and help others within a group.

Question 1. From the following collage write down the natural causes and man-made causes of air pollution.
Answer: