WBBSE Class 9 Geography And Environment Chapter 7 Resources Of India Notes

Chapter 7 Resource Of India Salient Points Introduction

According to Zimmerman (1957), a famous resource specialist, “Resource does not mean any object or matter, it is its function and process which makes that object or matter beneficial to man by fulfilling his demand.” In other words, the utility or function of any object or matter that is capable of meeting any demand is a resource. Thus ‘Resource is a medium through which a demand is fulfilled, be it an individual or a social demand.

Resources that are available in nature in limited quantities diminish in a continual process of utilization and cannot be replaced after being utilized are called non-renewable or fund or exhaustible resources.

Resources that are easily available in nature and can be used without being depleted, are called renewable or inexhaustible resources. For example- sunlight, wind, sea waves, etc.

WBBSE Class 9 Geography And Environment Chapter 7 Resources Of India Notes

The resources that are rare and are available only in one place on the Earth are called uniquities or unique resources.
There are three resource-creating factors—nature, ma,n, and culture.

Materials that are available in nature and are of no use are called neutral stuff.

The phenomena which cause harm to man by hampering the growth of resources are called resistance barriers. Examples—are illiteracy; bigotry; and natural hazards like floods, storms, etc.

The process by which waste materials are converted into new resources is called recycling. For example, broken or damaged iron, and aluminum objects are transformed into new materials by melting in factories.

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Iron ore is a non-renewable or exhaustible resource.

Superior quality iron ore is magnetite (72% iron) and the inferior quality iron ore is siderite (48% iron).

The main basis of all industries are iron and steel industry.

Most of the deposited iron in India is of hematite type.

WBBSE Class 9 Geography Chapter 7 Resources of India Notes

According to recent statistical data from the Indian Bureau of Mines, Odisha is the largest iron ore-producing state in India.

Coal is also known as black diamond as it has multiple uses and importance.

Anthracite is the best quality coal that contains 85%-95% of carbon.

Raniganj in West Bengal- is the oldest coalfield in India and Neyveli in Tamil Nadu is the largest lignite coalfield in India.

Coal and petroleum are found in the sedimentary rock strata.

Although coal is a fossil fuel, it is a sedimentary rock.

At present (2019) India is the second largest coal-producing country in the world after China.

ONGC is the largest oil-producing organization in India.

Crude oil is a naturally occurring unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials.

Petroleum is also known as liquid gold for its importance.

Except the hydroelectric power, all types of conventional energy pollute the environment.

Hydroelectricity is also known as white coal.

The largest thermal power plant in India is located at Mundra in Gujarat.

The world’s largest thermal power station is located at Taichung in Taiwan state of China.

Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River, China is the world’s largest hydroelectric power plant.

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WBBSE Geography Resources of India Notes with Important Questions Class 9

The Koyna Hydroelectric Project on the Koyna River, Maharastra is the largest completed hydroelectric power plant in India.

The world’s first nuclear power station is located at Obninsk in Russia.

India’s first or oldest nuclear power station is located at Tarapur in Maharastra.

Non-conventional energies are eco-friendly. Since non-conventional energy does not cause pollution, it is also called Green Energy.

Solar energy is produced with the help of Solar Photovoltaic cells.

Gujarat holds the first position in India for maximum solar energy generation.

Tamil Nadu ranks first in India for maximum wind energy generation.

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